Industrial engineering is a branch of engineering that deals with the optimization of use of human, technical, information and optimal handling and management of the processing systems of goods and services, evaluation of integrated systems used in fields personal, wealth, knowledge, information, equipment, energy, materials and processes, in order to obtain products or useful services to society and high regard for the environment. Mechanical Engineering uses the principles, methods of analysis, synthesis of engineering and design to specify, evaluate, predict and improve the results obtained from such systems. Industrial engineering knowledge and methods used in the mathematical, physical, social, public policy, management techniques etc. a broad and generic way to determine, design, specify, analyze, implement and continuously improve the systems.
THE CHALLENGE OF COMPETITIVENESS FOR VENEZUELAN COMPANIES AND FACTORS
AFFECTING PRODUCTIVITY IN VENEZUELA.
The challenge of competitiveness means;
• Generate and raise sufficient tax revenues.
• Raise the prices of public goods and services.
• Accelerating the privatization process and promote the flow of private
capital into all sectors of the economy.
• Reforming social systems and job security.
• Reject widespread price controls, the large-scale government
intervention and protectionism.
• Develop strategies and business structures more consonant with the
requirements of local and international competition.
• Develop a rivalry that encourages improvement and innovation.
• Pressing ahead with market-oriented reforms and making markets work in
the Venezuelan context.
Companies that succeed in international competition are those that;
• Constantly they are seeking, developing and exploiting new advantages.
• Improve your locale, through investments in education, training,
supplier development, development and adaptation of technology.
• Face the challenge of competitiveness by combining the specific advantages
of their country strategies developed specific advantages of the company.
The industry term has been paid to misunderstandings; while the term
originally applied to manufacturing, it has spread to many other service
sectors.
Industrial engineering is also closely identified with operations
management, systems engineering and manufacturing engineering, a distinction
that seems to depend on the viewpoint or motives of those who use it.
In the area of healthcare industrial
engineers are commonly known as administrators or engineers engineers in health
systems.
Industrial engineering in Spain grouped under the same term industrial
engineering to other engineering activities such as chemical engineering,
electrical engineering metallurgical o engineering; the industrial engineering
term is used in Spain to refer to whatever is called industrial engineering. In
Spain, following the adaptation of university degrees to the European Higher
Education Area, the title entitling the holder to exercise the profession of
industrial engineering is the title of Master in Industrial Engineering.
Industrial Engineering in Latin America relates to the profession that
specializes in knowledge production (simulation, operations research,
engineering methods, data handling, production control and statistical) as well
as knowledge management, finance and economics. By the latter it is currently
an Industrial Engineer plays many positions in the labor market varied from
heavy industry to banks and hospitals.
Industrial engineering, covers several areas of activity, such as
management science, seeks projects, supply chain management, operations
research, systems engineering, ergonomics, quality engineering and process
engineering. Besides improving industrial engineering work processes.
This activity is regulated in many countries, so to exercise a license
or approval of an association of engineers is required.
Examples of mechanical engineering applications include the design of
new systems work in banks, improvements in operations and emergencies in
hospitals, the overall distribution of products, and the reduction and
improvement of waiting lines in banks, hospitals, theme parks and vehicular
traffic systems.
Mechanical engineers commonly used statistics and computer simulation,
especially discrete event simulation for analysis and evaluation
Frederick Taylor is credited as the father of the discipline of
engineering industrial.1 earned a degree in mechanical engineering from the
University of Steven also he obtained several patents for his inventions. His
books, Purchase Management and scientific management principles that were
published in 1900, were the beginning of the Industrial Engineering.
Improvements in work efficiency under his methods are based on improving
working methods, development of labor standards and reducing the time required
to perform the job. With an unshakable faith in the scientific method, the
contribution of Taylor in his "time study" sought a high level of
precision and predictability for manual tasks.
INDUSTRIAL ENGINEER IN VENEZUELA.
From the point of view of practical or professional practice, usually it
can be the industrial engineer within an organization inclined basically three
main aspects, which can be broken down each differently, depending on the type
of company and their needs. But overall, the industrial engineer acts according
to the following criteria:
• In a small business, which is usually the only engineer and therefore
must face problems either construction, electricity, machinery, handling
liquids and gases, solids handling, organization, salary and incentives
personnel, market and quality and many other tasks, responsibilities or
disadvantages arise daily. This work does not allow you to orient yourself to
any particular specialty, but instead, it becomes a problem solver while
improving the production process, understood globally.
• In a larger company, in which there are specialized functions for the
various branches of engineering. In this case the mechanical engineer can for
example, be responsible for monitoring production, quality analysis, product
marketing, purchasing raw materials, safety and industrial hygiene, inventory
management and / or warehouses , among others.
• The latest and newest of the aspects of industrial engineering work in
general terms in Venezuela, is the consultant or project analyst at a
consulting firm.
PROFILE INDUSTRIAL ENGINEER IN VENEZUELA .
The industrial engineer is a professional who supported a solid
humanistic , technical and scientific training , conducts activities such as ;
Management and Personnel Management .
•Production control.
• Production Planning .
QA.
• Quality Planning .
• Organization of Quality Control Systems .
Operations research.
• System Organization .
• Structuring Models and Analysis of it.
Industrial Hygiene and Safety .
• Establish education programs for the training of staff and program
safety campaigns .
• Establish programs for inspection of machines , equipment and
workplaces .
Methods or engineering studies Movements and times .
• Balance line .
• Measurement of work .
• Studies of methods.
Product Engineering.
• Product design.
• Production Process Design.
Project Engineering.
• Market Survey.
• Determining the size and location.
Staff Administration.
• job evaluation.
• Study of wages.
Besides all the above industrial engineer must possess the following
qualities;
• Interest in scientific work; It expressed in curiosity, enjoyment and
dedication of efforts to scientific problems.
• Methodical attitude and discipline at work; It expressed in good time
management, and planning and organizing activities.
• Attention; speed and
accuracy in performing simple tasks.
• Cooperation; ability to work effectively in teams to perform specific
tasks and projects.
• Numeracy; verbal aptitude for working with numbers and solving
arithmetic problems.
• Ability to communicate; ability to communicate verbally and
nonverbally based on logic and warmth.
• Analytical and synthetic capacity; ability to observe the details of a
reality or system so that the parties are related and are displayed in full.
• Humanistic Interest; ability to demonstrate sensitivity to human
situations in need of technological and scientific solutions.
• Abstract thinking; proven ability to work with symbols, relationships,
spaces within formulas formalized languages.
• Accountability; alone or in groups assume a role of effective
participation in the conduct of a process or the performance of a task
• Ethical and social responsibility; demonstrated sensitivity to social problems
of continuity or group to the point of maintaining respect before interests,
perceptions, values.
• Memory; ability to retain
information and remember things that were learned some time .
• Creativity and innovation; ability to propose new ways, new
alternatives, resolution of problems and situations, using different thoughts.
• Verbal attitude; ability to quickly understand the meaning of the
words of a verbal context.
• Psychological aspect; to be a team, interdisciplinary, it must adapt
to the group.
OCCUPATIONAL MARKET INDUSTRIAL ENGINEER.
The graduate in this field have the ability to work in most areas of
industry. These include the planning and scheduling of production, maintenance,
quality control, management of production systems, plant design, studies
redistribution facilities, installation of complete plants, among others. In
addition to their interdisciplinary training, you can also work in the areas of
project evaluation and economic assessment in financial institutions such as
commercial banks and brokerage firms, or any institution with economic
evaluation related areas.
It can be classified as follows;
Public sector.
• Ministries: Health, Energy and Mines, Finance, Agriculture and
Livestock, Transport and Communications.
• Industrial Development Fund.
• Regional development corporations.
• Corpoindustria, state governors and mayors.
• Bank entities.
• Institutes of higher education, teaching and research.
• Companies and institutes of services in the state.
• Agribusiness.
Private sector.
• Offices of advice and technical assistance.
• Manufacturing sector.
• Consulting
firms.
• Universities
or private educational institutions.
• Industrial plants of different nature.
• Banks
and private lenders to finance the industrial sector.
• Companies
industrial maintenance.
• Business
sales, marketing and distribution of goods.
